|
Povzetek:
Zaradi spremenjenih življenjskih pogojev se je način življenja zelo spremenil. Naše prehranske navade so nezdrave. Prehranjujemo se neredno, izbiramo neprimerna živila, popijemo preveč gaziranih in sladkih pijač, vendar hkrati nismo dovolj telesno dejavni. Vse to lahko povzroča slabo počutje, slabšo delavno in umsko storilnost, vpliva tudi na zmanjšano odpornost. Znano je, da sta nezdrava prehrana in telesna nedejavnost pomembna dejavnika za razvoj civilizacijskih bolezni (debelost, sladkorna bolezen, bolezni srca in ožilja, rak …).
Približno dva milijona smrti letno v svetu pripisujemo pomanjkanju gibanja. Raziskave Svetovne zdravstvene organizacije o dejavnikih tveganja kažejo, da je sedeči način življenja eden od desetih glavnih vzrokov za smrt in prizadetosti na svetu. Raziskave v Sloveniji so pokazale, da se pomemben delež odraslih in mladih premalo giblje in ukvarja s športom, saj so bolezni srca in ožilja v 40 % vzrok smrti. V Sloveniji ljudje umirajo prej in pogosteje kot v državah EU.
Preživljanje prostega časa slovenske mladine se spreminja. Med počitnicami poležava 12,3 odstotka dijakov (med počitnicami vstajajo po 11. uri zjutraj), čeprav se delovne obveznosti se med počitnicami zmanjšujejo. Prednost dajejo informacijski tehnologiji, klasični mediji jih ne zanimajo. Športna dejavnost se zmanjšuje, uživanje opojnih snovi se povečuje (27 odstotkov 15-letnikov kadi in 41,5 odstotkov jih tedensko uživa alkohol), dijaki vedno bolj ponočujejo (20,3 odstotka dijakov gre med počitnicami spat po 1. uri zjutraj). Četrtina mladih se prehranjuje nezdravo.
V nalogi sva predstavili, da so zadostna telesna dejavnost, zdrava prehrana, obvladovanje stresa varovalni dejavniki zdravja, saj vplivajo tako na telesno kot duševno zdravje in kakovost življenja. Epidemiološke raziskave so pokazale, da telesna dejavnost varuje pred večino kroničnih nenalezljivih bolezni, krepi kosti in mišice, vzdržuje psihofizične in funkcionalne sposobnosti telesa, pripomore k zmanjševanju stresa in depresije ter pomaga pri povečanju samozavesti ter krepi imunski sistem. V kombinaciji z ustrezno prehrano telesna dejavnost varuje tudi pred prekomerno telesno maso in debelostjo.
V nalogo sva vključili še rezultate športno-raziskovalnega projekta, ki je potekal v šolskem letu 2016/2017 na naši šoli, Srednji šoli Zagorje.
Abstract:
A change in living conditions brought a significant shift to our lifestyles. Our diet choices are unhealthy: we eat irregularly, we pick unsuitable food, drink too many carbonated and sweet beverages, yet we do not engage in sufficient physical activity.
All of the mentioned leads to feeling poorly, decreases our mental and work productivity, and contributes to reduced immunity.
Unhealthy diet and physical inactivity are well known risk factors for developing civilisation diseases (obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer etc.). Per year, approximately 2 million people die due to lack of exercise. Studies of risk factors conducted by the World Health Organization show that a sedentary lifestyle is one of the ten global reasons for early deaths and disabilities. Studies in Slovenia showed a great deal of adults and youngsters do not get enough physical exercise —cardiovascular diseases cause 40% of all deaths. Slovenes die earlier and in greater numbers than people in other EU countries.
Leisure activities of the young Slovenes are changing: 12.3% of high school students just lie around during the school holidays and only get up after 11 am, although there are fewer school obligations in that time. They favour information technology, yet are disinterested in traditional media and partake less in physical activity. Substance consumption is increasing: 27 percent of 15 year olds smoke and 41.5 percent consume alcohol weekly. Students also stay up late: 2.3 percent only go to sleep after 1 am. A quarter of young people eat an unhealthy diet.
In this research we discussed how adequate physical activity, healthy diet and stress management are protective factors to our health, as they affect our physical and mental health, as well as the quality of living. Epidemiological research has shown that exercising protects against chronic noncontagious diseases, strengthens the bones and muscles, maintains psychophysical and functional skills, reduces stress levels and depression, increases confidence and strengthens the immune system. Combined with a suitable diet it prevents obesity and weight gain.
|
