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Povzetek:
Namen te raziskovalne naloge je določiti koncentracijo radona v objetih v Trbovljah in določiti, kako nanjo vplivajo spremembe vremena in gradbeni materiali objektov. Sevanja radona ne moremo direktno izmeriti, ker je radon žlahtni plin, lahko pa izmerimo sevanje njegovih potomcev, ki se vežejo na prašne delce in aerosole v zraku. Na navaden merilnih sevanja sem pritrdil ventilator in filter, na katerega so se ujeli potomci radona. Potem sem svoje meritve izvedel na več lokacijah v Trbovljah in v kleti zgrade Izobraževalnega centra za Jedrsko tehnologijo (ICJT). V stanovanju na Kešetovem 1 je bila izmerjena povišana koncentracija radona (povprečno 286 Bq m-3), vendar ni presegala referenčne meje (400 Bq m-3). V kletnih prostorih zgradbe ICJT je bila vsebnost radona izjemno povišana (povprečno 1546 Bq m-3). Čeprav to presega referenčno mejo, predstavlja manjšo nevarnost za zdravje, kot pa bivanje na Kešetovem 1, ker je prostor malo v uporabi. Na ostalih krajih meritev je bila izmerjena vrednost pod referenčno mejo. Ugotovil sem, da poleg vremenskih razmer na vsebnost radona vplivajo tudi zračenje prostorov, ogrevanje in gradbeni material. Najbolj presenetljiva ugotovitev je bila, da je koncentracija radona v stavbah, narejenih iz opeke iz žlindre, povišana zaradi razpada uranovih jeder v opekah. Prav tako je povišana hitrost doze ozadja v primerjavi z drugimi kraji meritev, kar lahko po večletni izpostavitvi vodi do povišane verjetnosti za pojav raka glede na ostale lokacije.
Ključne besede: radon, sevanje, Trbovlje, ICJT.
Abstract:
The purpose of this research work is to determine the concentration of radon in buildings in Trbovlje and to determine how it is affected by weather changes and construction material. The radiation of radon cannot be directly measured because radon is a noble gas, however, the radiation of its decay products, which bind to dust particles and aerosols in the air, can be. I attached a fan and a filter to a regular radiation detector, on which radon’s decay products were caught. Then I carried out my measurements at several locations in Trbovlje and in the basement of The Nuclear Training Centre (ICJT) in Ljubljana. An elevated concentration of radon was measured in the apartment on Kešetovo 1 (average of 286 Bq m-3), however, it did not exceed the reference level (400 Bq m-3). An extremely elevated concentration of radon was measured in the basement of The Nuclear Training Centre (average of 1546 Bq m-3). Despite exceeding the reference level, it poses a lesser threat to health than living on Kešetovo 1, because the basement is rarely occupied. In my research work it was concluded that alongside weather conditions, ventilation, heating and construction material also influence the concentration of radon. The most surprising discovery was that the concentration of radon in buildings made from fly ash is elevated because of the decay of uranium in the bricks. The background radiation is also elevated compared to other locations, which can lead to an elevated risk of cancer after many years of exposure.
Key words: radon, radiation, Trbovlje, ICJT. |
